Most Diaporthales species are plant parasites or occur on moribund or decaying woody and herbaceous tissues. Few species are of interest to industrial mycologists, but the well-known chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr (syn. Endothia parasitica (Murrill) P.J. Anderson & H.W. Anderson) has been used in commercial rennet production (Bigelis & Lasure, 1991; Blain, 1975; Sivanesan & Holliday, 1981). Some species produce toxins of medical and veterinary importance, such as Diaporthe woodii Punith. (anamorph Phomopsis leptostromiformis (Kühn) Bubak) which causes the chronic liver damage sometimes referred to as lupinosis in sheep (Butler, 1975; Punithalingam & Gibson, 1975). Other species of Diaporthe cause rots of stored foods (Brackett, 1991; Splittstoesser, 1991).
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